多国法律权威联署,斥港府违反法治精神,对“三子”“双重定罪”。(图片来源:Pixabay)
【betway必威体育官网 2017年10月16日讯】(betway必威体育官网 记者钟灵综合报导)12位来自英国、美国、加拿大、澳洲、南非、马来西亚等国家的资深律师联合发表公开信,指从“双学三子”黄之锋、罗冠聪及周永康被港府覆核刑期入狱一事,警诫了国际社会,使国际社会意识到“一国两制”、香港核心法治精神及人权自由争面临严重威胁,批评港府甚至作出有违法律原则的“双重定罪”判决。
联署信由12位多国法律权威联合发表,包括英国前大法官兼司法大臣、英国皇室御用大律师、前联合国人权领袖及多名来自英国、美国、加拿大、澳洲、南非、马来西亚等国家的资深大律师。联署信批评港府自2014年《一国两制在香港特别行政区的实践》白皮书,明言“中共对港的全面管辖权”而非《中英联合声明》中所指的“高度自治”。联署信亦认为有关“三子”的判决“过度限制公民基本权利”,违背联合国《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》的原则。
这是自“三子”被判囚以来第9次国际社会就事件发出联署信或声明,亦是第1次联署发起人全体为多国法律权威,反映国际社会已经将事件视为对香港“一国两制”及法治制度等核心价值造成冲击的“国际事件”,而非单纯“政治事件”。如国际社会对香港法治制度有“不稳定、不健全”的观感,将大大削弱香港作为国际金融贸易城市的地位与影响力。
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以下为联署信全文翻译:
作为律师,我们认为黄之锋、周永康及罗冠聪在香港的判刑构成了“双重定罪”,是对香港法治原则的严重威胁,亦违反了《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》。
以上学生运动人士在2014年带领了香港雨伞运动-其中一场历史上最和平的公众抗议活动。黄之锋、周永康及罗冠聪3人已经在1年前受到法庭处罚,并已分别服了80、120小时的社会服务令及3星期的缓刑。然而香港政府决定重新开庭以谋求更严厉的惩罚。
他们被指控违反的《公安条例》,早已被联合国批评为“过度限制公民基本权利”,而且是与《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》不符合的,然而有关条例在香港使用。人权组织已经长期以来一直呼吁香港修改有关条例,以符合《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》。
此事已引起国际对香港司法机关独立性的密切关注。香港终审法院法官包致金早于5年前警告说,司法部门正面临“暴风雨”。香港法官要保护自己的自主独立性,但他们面临的是来自北京的压力。2014年中共发表《一国两制在香港特别行政区的实践》白皮书,宣布北京对港的“全面管辖权”而非《中英联合声明》及《基本法》所规定的“高度自治”。中国还宣布指香港的法官只是“行政人员”,要求他们必须爱国和“受中央政府监督”。司法独立是香港的支柱,但现在正被中共扭曲,成为一个骗局。
香港的法治和基本自由是“一国两制”的核心,但现在正面临最严峻的威胁。
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联署信英文原文:
As lawyers,we regard the imprisonment of Joshua Wong,Alex Chow and Nathan Law in Hong Kong as aserious threat to the rule of law and abreach of the principle of“double jeopardy”in Hong Kong–in violation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
These student activists led the Umbrella Movement in Hong Kong in 2014–one of the most peaceful public protests the world has seen.Joshua Wong,Nathan Law and Alex Chow were already punished by acourt ayear ago.Joshua and Nathan respectively served 80 and 120 hours of community service,and Alex received athree-week suspended sentence.Yet the Hong Kong government decided to reopen the case and sought tougher punishments.
The law under which they were charged,the Public Order Ordinance,has been criticized by the United Nations for“facilitat[ing]excessive restrictions”to basic rights,and is incompatible with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights(ICCPR),which applies to Hong Kong.Human rights organisations have long urged Hong Kong to revise the ordinance to comply with the ICCPR.
Serious concerns over the independence of the judiciary arise.Court of Final Appeal judge Kemal Bokhary warned of“storm clouds”over the judiciary five years ago.Hong Kong’s judges want to protect its independence,but they face increasing pressure from Beijing.In 2014,China issued aWhite Paper declaring that Beijing has“comprehensive jurisdiction over Hong Kong”–instead of“the high degree of autonomy”provided for in the Sino-British Joint Declaration and the Basic Law,Hong Kong’s constitution.China also announced that Hong Kong’s judges are merely“administrators”who must love the country and be"subject to oversight by the central government”.The independence of the judiciary,a pillar of Hong Kong,risks becoming acharade,at the beck and call of the Chinese Communist Party.
Hong Kong’s rule of law and basic freedoms,at the heart of the principle of“one country,two systems”,now face grave threats.
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联署人:
Kirsty Brimelow QC
Patrick Burgess Australia–former head of human rights in the UN in East Timor and President of Asia Justice and Rights(AJAR).
Lord Carlile of Berriew CBE QC
Sir Desmond De Silva QC
Lord Falconer of Thoroton QC–former Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice
Jared Genser–Freedom Now
Justice Richard Goldstone(South Africa)
Andrew Khoo(Malaysia)
David Matas(Canada)
Michael Mansfield QC
Rajiv Menon QC
Sir Geoffrey Nice QC–former chief prosecutor in the trial of Slobodan Milosevic
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